During the last decades students‟ science-related interests, attitudes, and images of science and scientists, and their differentiations according to gender, culture, and socio-economic status have been investigated by a multitude of research studies. These aspects of students‟ voices seem to be interrelated and to also affect students‟ achievement in science and their relevant study and career aspirations. Moreover, school science and teachers, as well as popular science are considered as factors determining students‟ voices. This paper attempts a mapping of relevant literature in order to highlight crucial outcomes and draw educational and research implications. It is suggested that a comprehensive and integrated investigation of the voices of students, of school science and teachers‟, and of popular science is required in order to make informed, research-based decisions on designing school science curricula and teaching.

 The Energy Challenge is an environmental education program that is administered to ninth grade students in the public schools of a small Midwestern city in the United States. The program is sponsored and administered by the two local electric utilities, and it has been going on for seven years. To determine the effectiveness of the program, a pretest-posttest mail survey of students and parents was performed. The results suggest that the Energy Challenge has a positive effect on improving knowledge, motivation, and behavior of students concerning home energy usage and conservation.

The United States Boy Scout merit badge program provides non-formal educational experiences for boys from ages 10-17. This study analyzes the objectives of the twentythree science related merit badges using the lens of the revised Bloom's taxonomy. Merit badges requirements serve as objectives for this program. The verbs in the requirements were classified according to the revised taxonomy. Patterns were then analyzed within the merit badges, within the verbiage of the requirements, and across the entire science merit badge program. Overall, remembering and applying cognitive processes were emphasized the most. Recommendations are made for improving the clarity of merit badge requirements for Scouting and other non-formal educational programs.