Vowel Harmony is a Basic Phonetic Rule of the Turkic Languages

APA 6th edition
In-text: (Shoibekova, Odanova, Sultanova & Yermekova, 2016)
Your Bibliography: Shoibekova, G.B., Odanova, S.A., Sultanova, B.M. & Yermekova, T.N. (2016). Vowel Harmony is a Basic Phonetic Rule of the Turkic Languages. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(11), 4617-4630.

Harvard
In-text: (Shoibekova, Odanova, Sultanova and Yermekova, 2016)
Your Bibliography: Shoibekova, G., Odanova, S., Sultanova, B. and Yermekova, T. (2016). Vowel Harmony is a Basic Phonetic Rule of the Turkic Languages. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 11(11), pp. 4617-4630.

Chicago 16th edition
In-text: (Shoibekova, Odanova, Sultanova and Yermekova 2016)
Your Bibliography: Shoibekova, Gaziza B., Sagira A. Odanova, Bibigul M. Sultanova and Tynyshtyk N. Yermekova (2016). "Vowel Harmony is a Basic Phonetic Rule of the Turkic Languages". International Journal of Environmental and Science Education 11 (11):4617-4630.

Abstract

The present study comprehensively analyzes vowel harmony as an important phonetic rule in Turkic languages. Recent changes in the vowel harmony potential of Turkic sounds caused by linguistic and extra-linguistic factors were described. Vowels in the Kazakh, Turkish, and Uzbek language were compared. The way this or that phoneme sounded in the Proto-Turkic language and the way it sounds now in each specific language was investigated. The common and distinguishing features of phonemes were specified based on concrete facts. The specificity of sounding of key vowel phonemes was analyzed with regard to the findings of prominent phoneticians. It was found that of the compared languages, only the Turkish and the Kazakh language preserved the classic eight Proto-Turkic vowels. Certain signs of vowel harmony were characterized – tree types of vowel opposition: by backness – front, back, central, by labialization – unlablialized-labialized, by roundness – narrow, wide, and medium. Thus, it is possible to see the full picture of the phonemic spectrum of vowel functioning in the Turkic languages under consideration by distinguishing the common trends in changes at the current stage of linguistics with regard to the specificity of each individual language system.

Keywords: Vowel harmony, sound harmony, phonetic regularity, labialized-unlabialized vowel, palatal sound

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