The purpose of the study is to analyze the implementation of the democratic principles in the court and judicial process in the trial by jury by the example of the history and development of this institution in Russia. The authors used different methods and approaches, in particular, historical, systemic and Aristotelian method, concrete historical approach and rather-legal analysis. The paper assessed significance of the historical experience related to the organization and activities of the jury as a guarantor of successful implementation of democratic principles in the criminal trial, with regard to the international experience. The authors conclude that jury trial has its ancient roots, however, this modern phenomenon is taken from England. The research findings may be useful for future explorations on the origin of a jury by historians, philosophers and lawyers etc.

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