This article highlight the result of needs assessment studies that evaluates a sustainability based technological approach on combating the crises between cow herders and agricultural farmers, by the use of a monitoring system which involves dual modules technology. Dual modules implies a design that comprises of an off shelf GPS (global positioning system) and GSM (global system for mobile communication) receiver modules. The low cost GPS and GSM modules were chosen for this design due to the inbuilt integrated antenna found in the modules and the output GPS positional data with an enabled standard serial National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) protocol as well as a standard AT command use in GSM technology. At any moment a quarry in form of a code (@C1) is texted to the SIM number embedded in the SIM card slot of the GSM module, a corresponding response indicating the exact location of the cow in longitude and latitude is transmitted via SMS to the owner’s mobile phone number which was initially programmed (configured) into the microcontroller firmware. The GSM module provided with SIM card uses the same communication protocol and processes of a regular day to day mobile phone technology. The system is configured to be attached on the neck of the animal for easy monitoring and tracking as far as 200m from its exact position at any given time. The article revealed that major herders and farmers issues will be minimize once the movement of domestic animals are monitored to avoid the destruction of lives, farmland and properties. This research provide insight into major community concerns and the Nigerian nation at large.

Ahmed, K. Z., Parvez, M. Z., Mahfuz, Q. R., & Rahman, M. S. (2010). A theoretical model of GSM network based vehicle tracking System. 6th International Conference on Electrical & Computer Engineering, 27(1), 594–597.

Akpolat, C. (2003). Micro-controller based vehicle tracking system via use of GPS & GSM. Recent Advances in Space Technologies, 605–609.

Athavan, K. (2014). Automatic ambulance rescue system, Advanced Compulsory & Communication Technologies. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Electrical Information & Control Engineering, 5(2), 190–195. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2014.4338485S

Bagree, R. (2008). GPS based animal tracking system intelligent sensors. Sensor Networks & Information. WildCENCE Processing, International Journal of American Society of Agricultural & Biological Engineerings, 27(1), 617–622.

Bishop–Hurley, G. J., Guo, Y. G., Paulton, P., & Swain, D. L. (2009). Monitoring animal behavior & environmental interactions using wireless sensor networks, GPS collars & satellite. Remote Sensing Sensors Information Today, 34(2), 36–37.

Brida, P. (2014). Location technologies for GSM (Diss.) University of Zilma Print.

Catarinucci, L. (2010). An Innovative animals tracking system based on passive UHF, RFID technology. International Symposium on RFID Technologies & Internet of Things (SoftCom), pp. 1–7.

Chen, M. Y. (2005). Are GSM phone the solution for localization? Mobile Computing Systems and Applications. American Journal of Scientific & Research, 1(2), 34–42.

Clark, P. E., Johnson, D. E., Kniep, M. A., Jermann, P., Huttash, B., Wood, A., Johnson, M., McGillivan, C., & Titus, K. (2006). An advanced, low – cost, GPS–based animal tracking system. International Journal of Rangeland Ecology & Management, 59(3), 334–340. https://doi.org/10.2111/05-162R.1

Drane, C., & Rizos, C. (1998). Positioning systems in intelligent transportation systems. Norwood, Massachusetts: Artech house.

El-Medany, W., Al- Omary, A., Al-Hakim, R., Al-Irhayim, S., & Nusaif, M. (2010). A cost effective real time tracking system prototype using integrated GPS/GPRS modules. Wireless & Mobile Communications 6th International Conference on, 3, 522-525. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWMC.2010.104

Faithpraise, F. O., Obeisung, E. O., Asiya, A. E., Ilori, O. A., & Chatwin, C. R. (2018). An Automated Fraud Elimination Via Electrical Signal Monitoring And Recording Device (AFEESMR). Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS), 9(3), 99- 104. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-1197a40dea

Fleisher, P. B., Nelson, A. Y., Sowah, R. A., & Bremang, A. (2012). Design and development of GPS/GSM based vehicle tracking & alert system for commercial inter-city buses. Adaptive Science & Technology4th International Conference on, 2, 16-25. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASTech.2012.6381056

Gibb, D. J., McAllister, T. A., Huisma, C., & Wiedmeier, R. (1998). Bunk attendance of feed lot cattle monitored with radio frequency technology. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 78(4), 701–710. https://doi.org/10.4141/A98-032

Hadian Jazi, S., Farahani, S., & Karimpour, H. (2019). Map-merging in multi-robot simultaneous localization and mapping process using two heterogeneous ground robots. International Journal of Engineering TRANSACTIONS A: Basics, 32(4), 608-616.

Hoffman-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., & Wasle, E. (2008). GNSS & Global navigational satellite systems. Wien: Springer-Verlag.

Joshi, A. (2008). GPS-Less animal tracking system, wireless communication & sensor networks. WCSN. Fourth International Conference, 9(3), 120–125. https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSN.2008.4772694

Karlsson, J., Li, H., & Ren, K. (2010). Tracking and Identification of animals for a digital zoo. IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cyber, Physical & Social Computing, 8(5), 510–515. https://doi.org/10.1086/629749

Khalvati, F., & Omidvar, A. (2019). Prediction of Noise Transmission Loss and Acoustic Comfort Assessment of a Ventilated Window using Statistical Energy Analysis. International Journal of Engineering TRANSACTIONS C: Aspects, 32(3), 451-459. https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2019.32.03c.14

Kim, D. H., Kim, S. H., & Park, H. D. (2010). Animal situation tracking service using RFID, GPS & Sensors. Second International Conference on Computer & Network Technology, 4(03), 153–156. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCNT.2010.40

Le-Bodic, G. (2005). Mobile messaging, technologies and services: SMS, EMS and MMS (2nd ed.). England: John Wiley & son Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/0470014520

Le-Tien, T., & Phung-The, V. (2010). Routing and tracking system for mobile vehicles in large area”, Electronics design, test and application. 10th International symposium. IEEE, Intelligent-System, 22(5), 2-3. https://doi.org/10.1109/DELTA.2010.38

Li G.-H. (2012). Automobile anti-theft system based on GSM and GPS module. Intelligent Networks & Intelligent System (ICINIS), 5th international conference on, 2, 199-20. https://doi.org/10.1190/nis.2012.654337

Mach, L. D. (1965). A collar for attaching radio transmitters on rabbits, hares and raccoons. Journal of wildlife management, 7(3), 214- 224. https://doi.org/10.2307/3798575

Mattson, O. (2001). Positioning of a Cellular Phone using the SIM: Diss, Royal Institute of Technology. In Print, Royal Society Journal.

Moen, R. A., Pastor, J., Cohen, Y., & Schwartz, C. C. (1996). Effects of moose movement and habitat use on GPS collar performance. Journal of Wildlife Management, 60, 659–668. https://doi.org/10.2307/3802085

Nagaraja, B. G., Rayappa, R., Mahesh, M., Patil, C. M., & Manjunath, T. C. (2009). Design & development of a GSM based vehicle theft control system. Advanced Computer Control, International Conference on, 8(5), 148–152. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICACC.2009.154

Noorossana, R., & Alemzad, H. (2003). Quality improvement through Multiple response optimization. International Journal of Engineering TRANSACTIONS B: Applications, 16(1), 148-153.

Obeisung, E. O. and Faithpraise, F. O. (2019). Investigation and Analysis of Major Causes of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Some part of Nigeria. International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJABR), 10(3), 96-104.

Rodgers, A. R., Rempel, R. S., & Abraham, K. F. (1996). A GPS based telemetry system. Journal of Wildl. Soc. Bul., 24, 559–566. https://doi.org/10.3439/jws.201045

Sinnott, R. W. (1984). Virtues of the Haverside, Sky & Telescope. Edward Elgar Publishing, 156-159.

Weiss, E. (2012). Frequency of lost dogs and cats in the United States and methods used to locate them. Journal of Animals, 2(2), 301–315. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani2020301

Wilson, R. P., & Mc-Mahon, C. R. (2006). Measuring devices on wild animals; what constitutes acceptable practice. International Journal of Frontiers in Ecology & the Environment, 27(1), 143-150. https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2006)004[0147:MDOWAW]2.0.CO;2

Yoo, S., & Melde, K. L. (2011). VHF Collar integrated antenna for ground link of GPS location system, antenna and propagation. IEEE Transactions, 61(1), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2012.2214019