Nanotechnology has opened a new era for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer, which is one of the leading causes of death in the 21st century. Using nanotechnology different engineered particles, known as naoparticles has born. Nanoparticles have provided several opportunities to deal with cancer in a more convenient way which are useful to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional cancer treating and diagnosing method. This article is an overview of the opportunities provided by nanotechnology, especially nanoparticles such as, liposomes, dendrimers, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, solid lipid, paramagnetic and super paramagnetic, ceramic, gold, quantum dots, polymers to deal with cancer and the challenges needed to overcome for proper utilization of them.

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