Reproductive impairments occurred as a result of diseases that require surgical treatment are the topical issues of the present-day medicine. The most serious threat to the health and lives of women is posed by the acute gynecological disorders requiring immediate operative therapy: diseases accompanied by intra-abdominal bleeding (tubal pregnancy, ovarian apoplexy), suppurative pelvic inflammatory diseases and diseases associated with impaired circulation in internal genital organs. The incidence rate of acute gynecological disorders varies widely and ranges from 1 to 26 % of the total number of female patients in the gynecological hospital. The structure of acute gynecological disorders, according to the authors’ data, has been presented as follows: ectopic pregnancy – 47 %, acute inflammatory disorders of uterine appendages – 24 %, ovarian apoplexy – 17 %, ovarian tumor torsion (rapture) – 7 %. The incidence of ovarian tumors tends to increase and over the last years it has increased from 6-11 % to 19-25 % in the structure of lesions of female genital organs. Moreover, the incidence of recurrent disease is also great: as to the authors’ data 11 % of patients from between 2 to 6 years had the relapse of the cyst or ovarian cystoma. The risk factors for such pathology in the eyes of many authors are also the increase in incidence of inflammatory diseases of uterine appendages, hormone imbalance, the high number of past extragenital disease and interventions causing the ovarian microcirculatory disorders. To date, more than 90 % of all gynecological operations in the world are laparoscopically performed. The advantages of laparoscopic surgery are obvious: much less trauma, absence of the post-operative abdominal scars – cosmetic effect, much less post-operative pains, the shorter hospital stay and the shorter recovery time. Most of gynecological interventions except for the extensive (hysterectomy, myomectomy) are performed by three trocar punctures. 10 mm trocar for laparoscope is inserted through the belly button and 5 mm trocars is pushed to permit other instruments (scissors, clamps, biopsy forceps, needle holder etc.) to enter the lower abdomen. The instruments help to perform the required manipulations, that are the control of bleeding, resection of the organ part, paraplasm removal and the stitching.

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