The article examines the concept “medical museum” as a sociocultural phenomenon. The register of medical museums in Russia makes the material of research. The complex methods of analysis of the concept “medical museum” are used. The philosophical, historical, cultural, structural, communicative and semantic analysis is carried out. Polycentric approach shows the medical museum as an integral system that consists of autonomous fields with their own aims and tasks. In article, we realize the aim of the study. We identify medical collections, preserve historical and medical heritage of Russia to organize works to support and develop further these activities in the Russian Federation. The ways of analysis are useful for development of museology, history of medicine, communication theory, conceptology, sociolinguistics, cultural linguistics.

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