The relevance of the presented problems due to the fact that reinterpreted the values producing the foundations and formation of the lexical meaning of the derived adjective occurs according to the laws of associative thinking and it should be explained through semantic-cognitive analysis. The goal of the article is the description and comparison of metaphorical processes of formation of the semantics of derived adjectives derivational meaning "likeness" in English and Russian languages. A leading approach to the study of this problem is the functional-semantic approach, in which is given the possibility of word formation, the correct interpretation of the values of derived word, and the ability to explain the logical connections of the associations underlying the derivation of words.  The main result of this article is that of metaphorization of derived adjectives derivational meaning "likeness" are characterized by different correlation of emotional and rational types of thinking inherent in different hemispheres of the brain. Derivative adjectives derivational meaning "likeness" as the result of the interaction of lexical meaning making basis and values derivational affix can relate to sensory monoreceptive synesthesiology and rational-emotive type of metaphorical transfers. The presence of a common typological traits and the selection of the types of metaphorical and synesthetical transfers due to the commonality of human perception and thinking in general. The presence of unique traits and lacunar types of metaphorical transfers said about the peculiarities of English and Russian perception. Comparative researches carried out on the material of different systems, typologically and genetically unrelated languages, it indicates the presence of common metaphors, which are due to common mental processes of perception of the surrounding world. The results of the research may find application in the development of lectures and practical sessions on contrastive word-formation, semantics, psycholinguistics and cognitive semantics, in teaching English and Russian as foreign languages, as well as the creation of an English-Russian and Russian-English dictionaries correlative component composition semantics of derived adjectives of the derivational meaning "likeness".

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