Background/Objectives: The objective of the paper is analysis and description of findings of an empiric study on the issue of social and psychological adaptation of first year students to studying in a higher educational institution. Methods/Statistical analysis: Using the methods of theoretical analysis the paper’s authors plan and carry out an experimental study, which made it possible to relate personality’s social-psychological adaptation to personality’s emotional stability as well as to prove the need for developing programs of psychological content that optimize personality’s adaptive processes. Findings: Based on the findings of scientists in the area of social-psychological adaptation, we understand this phenomenon as a process of interaction between a personality and social environment that results in adaptiveness, which means effective accustoming to social environment by a personality through accepting of its standards of interaction, system of values and forms of domain-specific activity as well. We consider the level of development of emotional stability as personal formation the base of social-psychological adaptation. According to stated base theoretical provisions, we included the following methods into the programm of the empiric study: Rogers’ and Dymond’s Social and Psychological Adaptation of Personality, Self-Esteem of Psychological Adaptiveness, H. Eysenck’s Diagnostics of Self-Esteem of Mental States. Application/Improvements: The low level of social-psychological adaptation is typical for 50% of respondents that took part in the study representing the need for developing and goal-oriented implementation of a program of psychological aid aimed at optimizing the process of social-psychological adaptation by means of optimizing the development of first year students’ emotional sphere.

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